I don’t know of any comprehensive source but there are a few basic things you that I do.
Ensure sudo is on the system so that root account is not used.
Get a secure browser that with add ons to protect against malicious sites (https everywhere, JavaScript blockers, etc…)
Download software from trusted repositories and verify with GPG keys or hashes. Be wary on installing anything using a shell script with super user access.
Use keys instead of passwords for ssh if you are going to use ssh.
Password tools like Vaultwarden and KeePass can help secure passwords.
You can encrypt your hard drive with LUKS before you install Linux with many distros.
Flatpak (Docker as well) can allow you to run applications with limited access to your system much like phone apps on Android. This can be more secure but comes with larger app sizes and limits what you can do with the app sometimes (e.g. browsers not being able to upload files because they don’t have full filesystem access)
If you want a firewall on your workstation (not needed much anymore with hardware firewalls from routers), UFW makes it easy
If you want to check for viruses use ClamAV (ClamTK for a GUI app).
I don’t know of any comprehensive source but there are a few basic things you that I do.